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Do you remember this little marketing slogan?

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No?

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Well, I can’t say I’m entirely surprised.

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But I’m also a little sad.

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That was one of the taglines of LightScribe,
a direct-disc labeling technology developed

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by Hewlett Packard and first released commercially
in 2004.

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What is it?

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Well, it’s a really clever twist on an already
common technology.

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LightScribe used existing optical drive technology
to burn monochrome images onto the label side

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of optical media, either CDs or DVDs.

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That’s right, it’s optical media time
again here at Technology Connections, where

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our mission is to stay timely and relevant.

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*beeper noise*

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Oh, excuse me I need to take
this.

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[to non-existent assistant offscreen] 
Uh, can I borrow your phone?

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Jokes aside, I actually really, really like
the idea of LightScribe, and I think it’s

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an absolute shame that it didn’t take off.

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We’ll soon see that it’s not too surprising
it didn’t, but let me explain why I like

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it so much.

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LightScribe is a perfect example of my favorite
kind of innovation.

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Take a thing that currently does a thing,
and make it do more things or different things!

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At their core, LightScribe enabled optical
drives are pretty much identical to any ordinary

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CD or DVD burner.

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See, you already have a high-powered laser
that’s able to write readable data on a

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little plastic frisbee, so why not use that
same laser to burn images onto the other side

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of that plastic frisbee?

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And that’s roughly the exact question that
Daryl Anderson, lead engineer of the LightScribe project,

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probably asked when he first thought
up the product maybe.

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The bottom side of any writable optical disc
is already a marvel of engineering, with heat-sensitive

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dyes or even advanced polycrystalline alloys
that darken when exposed to the heat created

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by the laser light, therefore allowing tiny
little marks to be burned into the surface.

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These translate into the data that is actually
on the disc.

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If we’ve made materials that will get darker
when exposed to intense laser light, what’s

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to stop us from doing the same thing on the
top side of the disc, for making an actual label?

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Well, not much.

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In fact, only a small modification was needed
to turn an ordinary optical drive into a Lightscribe drive.

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And you can see it just here.

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This little doo-dad allows the drive to see
the rotational position of the disc.

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See, for writing data to a disc, its geometric
position is pretty much irrelevant.

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Molded into the plastic of the disc is a spiral
pregroove containing the ATIP, which stands

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for Absolute Time In Pregrrove.

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This not only guides the laser as it writes
data to a blank disc, but it also keeps the

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disc spinning at the correct speed relative
to the data being blasted onto it by the writing laser.

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And staying at the correct speed is all that
matters, really.

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The data can be placed arbitrarily along the
disc as far as its physical location goes,

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and so long as it reproduces the correct sequence
of zeros and ones, the correct data will be read.

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However, to make an image using a single light
source on a rotating disc, the disc’s exact

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position needs to be determined.

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This little guy works with the LightScribe
media to do just that.

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A LightScribe disc looks just like a regular
disc, except the top is almost entirely devoid

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of writing, save for a little bit of brand
and format identification in the center ring.

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But you’ll also see this little barcode
looking thing between the spindle hole and

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the writable portion of the disc.

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When the disc is placed upside down in a LightScribe
enabled drive, the barcode will line up with

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that scanner thing.

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Now the drive can know the disc’s absolute
rotational position so it creates a proper image,

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and not a spirally mess.

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That barcode also encodes information about
the label surface, which is pretty important

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particularly because of the difference between
CDs and DVDs.

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Ah, let’s talk a little bit more about the
disc itself.

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The top surface of most lightscribe discs
is this light tan color.

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The color comes from the material used in
the top coating, developed by Dr. Makarand Gore.

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Just like the dye coating on the underside,
this coating will get darker when it is heated

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up by the laser.

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But, it differs from the dye layer down below
in that it gets much, much darker,

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almost black.

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Through a simple labeling utility, you can
create simple text listings, or even beautiful

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monochrome pictures like this one.

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[pregnant pause]

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Well now, this is beginning to highlight the
problems of lightscribe, but before we get

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too far down that particular rabbit hole,
let’s take a look at how this works.

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I’ve taken the cover off of this slim drive
so we can see it in action.

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I’m having it make a simple label with the
word “Test”.

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First, you can see the scanner activating
to read the barcode on the inner ring.

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Once I started the printing process, I was
extremely surprised at how slowly the disc

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spins when it’s being labeled.

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Look at this!

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This is nuts.

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Luckily, we can see the laser shining through.

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Notice how it flashes briefly at a higher
intensity.

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This is it burning the letters onto the disc.

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What’s interesting here is that the laser
is switched on at all times.

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I’m not sure if any LightScribe drives were
made that could only burn CDs, so I’m wondering

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if we’re seeing the red laser diode for
DVDs burn with a steady glow, and the flashing

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is the high intensity infrared laser diode
blasting the disc with energy.

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♫ low fidelity guitar music ♫

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Perhaps we’re only seeing one or the other,

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♫ the music returns briefly ♫

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but in either case, this suggests that the drive is actually
looking at the surface of the disc, perhaps

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simply for focus, or maybe it actually checks
what it’s laid down.

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Whatever it’s doing, I still can’t get
over how slowly the disc is spinning!

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That’s a surprise.

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But maybe not.

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I’ll explain in a bit.

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With the disc completed, we can now take it
out and sure enough, there’s the word “Test”

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just like we expected.

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But there’s more weirdness in the LightScribe
universe.

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Like the stark difference between CDs and
DVDs.

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I’ve created a basic label and I’ve burned
the same thing onto a CD-R and a DVD-R. You

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might notice that they look mostly similar,
but the DVD label is almost...

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blurry looking.

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This is an odd quirk in the Lightscribe universe,
as DVDs and CDs were made very differently.

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Well, OK, all DVDs and CDs are made differently.

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In a CD, the data layer is actually barely
below the label side of the disc.

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The laser in a CD player is shining through
almost the entire thickness of the disc before

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the reflective surface bounces it back.

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But in a DVD, the data layer is actually in
the middle of the disc.

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You can see this even with standard DVD movies--the
disc has a seam down the middle, as it’s

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made in two halves.

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CD’s don’t have this seam, as they are
a single sheet of polycarbonate.

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Now for some reason, in LightScribe DVDs,
the label coating isn’t simply placed on

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the top of the disc.

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Instead, it’s sandwiched between a top clear
layer and the data layer beneath it.

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And this is why a LightScribe drive needs
to know if this is a DVD or a CD--the drive

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will focus at different depths depending on
which type of media is used.

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This always struck me as kinda odd, as what’s
to stop them from putting the same CD-style

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label coating on the actual top of a standard
DVD-R?

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Putting it in the middle like this meant that
all LightScribe DVD labels looked a little

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soft compared to those of CDs, however it
does appear to increase contrast slightly

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between light and dark, but that could simply
be down to the particular discs I’ve got here.

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That said, there was an advantage to this.

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Firstly, the label surface is more protected
in a LightScribe DVD because it’s not exposed.

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And secondly, a fairly common occurrence with
LightScribe media is for a white powder to

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form on top of the black portions of the label.

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This was simply a side-effect of the burning
process and it was purported to be a harmless

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crystallization of the label layer, however
it would get on your fingers if you touched

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it and wasn’t really pleasant looking on
the disc.

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With a DVD, that happened much less frequently
due to the protected and sealed nature of

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the label, and even if it did, at least the
powder wouldn’t get all over your fingers.

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So, how do you actually create a LightScribe
label?

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Well first, you need to make sure that you
have both LightScribe media and a LightScribe

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enabled optical drive, plus the necessary
LightScribe system utilities and some sort

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of program for creating labels like this Nero
Smart Essentials thing.

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You know, easy.

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But assuming you have all of that ready to
go, it’s pretty simple.

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The Nero software is about as user-friendly
as can be for 2004-ish, and it does something

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that at first seems really really weird, but
you will quickly learn is totally understandable.

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I’ll add a text box and as soon as I do
so, that box becomes a…

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crescent?

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Erm, OK.

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Well, from here, I have a pretty good degree
of customization.

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I can choose my typeface, its font size, bold
and italics, its justification and all that,

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just like a basic word processor.

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And then I hit OK, and it gets wrapped around
that crescent thing.

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Well, I can turn that off by unselecting the
“Bend” checkbox, and now things look a

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little more normal.

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Let’s just do some quick customization here,
maybe add a little something extra, and now

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I think that’s a delightful design, worthy
of a LightScribe label.

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So now, I’ll grab my CD which already has
my Awesome Mix 2006 on it, and I’ll pop

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it upside-down into the drive.

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I can now burn the label.

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So, I hit the little button, and now I can
select between “Draft, Normal, and Best”.

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I can even get a preview of what this will
look like on the finished disc, a handy little feature.

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Of course, I don’t settle for less than
the best, so I’ll hit Best, and now here’s

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where LightScribe’s weaknesses really come
into play.

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It tells me this will take about 15 minutes.

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Well, that’s a lie right there.

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This is gonna take more like 23 to 25 minutes.

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Yeah, LightScribe is anything but fast.

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But that’s not unexpected.

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Remember one of its design goals was to avoid
reinventing the wheel and use existing optical

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drive technology.

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And for the most part it did.

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But, let’s think for a moment how limiting
that was.

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The laser in a CD burner is normally focusing
its power onto a microscopic spot, so all

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of its power becomes concentrated and realistically
the laser doesn’t need to be all that powerful.

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But if we’re trying to draw with it, we
don’t want it to be focused onto a microscopic

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point that we can’t see.

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When burning a label, a LightScribe drive
actually defocuses the laser so that the point

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it’s burning is larger (and actually visible).

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But that means that the disc has to travel
more slowly,

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as we now know, WAY MORE SLOWLY,

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because with a less concentrated spot, the
energy is more spread out, and the laser can’t

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heat the label as quickly.

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Bummer.

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And, because the drives were only lightly
modified from standard optical drives, the

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discs could only spin in one direction.

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That might not seem like a limitation, but
that’s precisely why the label-making program

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would bend the text by default.

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See, the time it takes to burn a label is
directly dependent on the range from the inside

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boundary to the outside circumference that
is being used.

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And by being used, I mean AT ALL.

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Even if just a thin line is drawn from here
to here, the label will take 25 minutes to create.

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This is because it can’t just rock the disc
back and forth to make that line.

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It burns the label just like it burns data,
so it has to follow a spiral starting from

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the inside boundary and going all the way
to the outside edge.

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Remember that Test label?

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It spent the majority of the time with the
laser off, and because it can’t just skip

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the blank parts of the label, it takes a long
time to write just a single word.

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But the drive CAN skip blank sections along
the disc’s radius.

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So, if you bend the text into a ring, then
only this region is actually being used.

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So the drive can skip all this, burn from
here to here, and then it’s done.

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And here’s how that comes into play.

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This disc here, even though it’s just a
small amount of text, took about 25 minutes

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to make.

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The text gets very close to the inside edge,
and continues almost all the way to the outside edge.

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So even though none of this space is being
used, the laser still had to travel over all of it.

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But this disc, with much more written information,
only took about 10 minutes.

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All of the text is contained between these
two boundaries, so the inside portion could

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be skipped, and the drive didn’t need to
burn anything past here.

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So, to save time, the program is always going
to encourage you to bend the text like this,

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as these labels can me made in as little as
5 minutes.

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If you’re OK with 12 point font, this can
get down to 2.

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With that limitation, though, how attractive
is the system, really?

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Sure, this is more legible than a sharpie,
but if you want to make …

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professional looking labels like this,

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you’ll be spending at
least 15 minutes each go, and probably more.

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You could save some time by selecting either
the “draft” or “normal” settings,

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but those sacrifice burn intensity and/or
resolution and will produce a lighter image.

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And the lengthiness of the burn process isn’t
the only weakness.

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You may have noticed how low-contrast this
atrocity was.

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Ignoring the fact that it’s a monochrome
image

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(c’mon, we’re not making miracles here)

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this is a rather low-contrast affair
even when burned on the “best” setting.

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LightScribe looks pretty good with black text,
but introduce images and things get less optimal.

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In order to look their best on a LightScribe
label, the image should be adjusted to have

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borderline extreme contrast, an adjustment
that is unfortunately omitted

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from this labeling utility.

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And the image quality concerns don’t stop
there.

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Look a little more closely at these labels
and you’ll see that the text isn’t entirely

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aligned right.

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There is a slight shifting going on at many
points.

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Some of this is likely down to my particular
LightScribe drive, but the format was prone

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to this happening from time to time.

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I’ve even had a few discs come out as a
complete mess,

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likely due to a dirty barcode ring.

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This is real, by the way, this is supposed
to have words on it.

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And here’s one image abnormality that’s
appeared on every single LightScribe disc

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I’ve ever made.

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You can see the actual spiral pattern of the
laser’s travel in solidly dark portions.

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Of course, I think that’s pretty neat but
let’s be honest, it’s a flaw.

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You’re probably thinking of another flaw
to LightScribe that kept it from reaching

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mass popularity: Cost.

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LightScribe drivers were probably stupid expensive,
and the discs?

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Pfft, waste of money.

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Actually, no.

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The drives themselves were barely any more
expensive than standard drives.

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Even in the early days, there were plenty
of LightScribe enabled drives that actually

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cost less than standard drives from some competing
manufacturers.

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Remember, there’s not much different about
a LightScribe drive, and HP was happy to license

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it to many manufacturers.

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By 2005, 6 different drive manufacturers had
signed on to make LightScribe drives.

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And the media was a bit more expensive than
standard blank media,

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but honestly not by much.

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Assuming you were sticking to mainstream brands
and not bargain basement specials, an equivalent

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LightScribe disc from the same manufacturer
was only about 20 to maybe 50% more expensive.

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It’s hard to make a comparison now because
LightScribe is pretty much dead, but I recall

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that a spindle of 50 LightScribe DVDs was
about $30, and CDs were between $22 and $25.

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Honestly that seemed very reasonable to me,
especially because there’s an added cost

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to either paper labels or inkjet-printable
CDs.

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Oh, paper labels.

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Ugh.

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How I hated paper labels.

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That was the single greatest advantage of
LightScribe in my eyes, as they worked great

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in cars.

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A CD with a paper label never behaves too
nicely with the slot loading players in cars

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or many Apple products back when they included
optical drives

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and headphone jacks.

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LightScribe discs just looked great without
any compatibility issues, and everyone who

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I ever gave one to was impressed with them.

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So really, it’s just a little sad that no
one cared to use them more.

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But, I understand.

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A sharpie and a cheap CD is pretty sufficient,
particularly since so many burned discs were

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just throwaway affairs to begin with.

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And there were still more problems with LightScribe.

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The label surface is pretty susceptible to
wear (in CDs anyway), and it can fade quickly

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if left in direct sunlight or exposed to extreme
heat, and over a period of years the label

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will fade regardless unless cared for.

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They can last a long time if cared for, though.

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These backup discs for my netbook (that’s
right, netbook, remember those?) are around

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7 or 8 years old now and the labels look fine.

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Granted, these are DVDs with the inherent
protection of the top surface layer.

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Where is LightScribe today?

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Officially deceased.

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You knew it was coming, didn’t you?

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HP officially ended LightScribe support in
2013 by removing its website and even going

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so far as to say “you can find the software
you need somewhere else, not here.”

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And while you can still get LightScribe drives
and media, it’s pretty much new old stock

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only at this point.

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Today, you can find the LightScribe utilities
you may need at lightscribesoftware.org, a

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website run by Steve Nelson who is really
going out of his way to keep LightScribe support

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going.

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And indeed, I owe him thanks, as I needed
to download the system utility to make the

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discs for this video.

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But before it died, LightScribe was improved
by offering discs in other colors, but that

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00:17:27,539 --> 00:17:30,350
was about all the innovation it ever received.

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If they could have gotten a full label done
in 5 minutes, I think it would have fared better.

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But then again, that would probably require
a much stronger laser than what’s in a garden

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variety optical drive, making the drive much
more expensive, and further limiting appeal.

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Oh well, it was neat while it lasted.

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Thanks for watching, I hope you enjoyed this
look into what I honestly feel like is perhaps

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the most underappreciated development in optical
disc history.

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I don’t know what could have been done to
make LightScribe a little more popular because

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let’s face it, how often did you even want
to make a nice label for your angsty mixes?

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00:18:07,179 --> 00:18:11,950
And if you needed to make discs professionally,
it’s just far too slow and by that point

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you would be wiser to invest in some sort
of screen printing setup or even just having

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ordering discs to be commercially pressed.

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It was always going to be a niche product,
even though it was pretty neat.

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00:18:23,299 --> 00:18:27,370
As always, thank you to everyone who supports
the channel on Patreon, especially the fine

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00:18:27,370 --> 00:18:29,710
folks that are scrolling up your screen.

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00:18:29,710 --> 00:18:35,130
A lot of channels here on YouTube need to
rely on outside sponsorships to stay possible.

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00:18:35,130 --> 00:18:39,380
But thanks to the amazing support of people
like you, this channel doesn’t.

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00:18:39,380 --> 00:18:43,220
If you’d like to become one of these awesome
people and help support the channel, and get

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00:18:43,220 --> 00:18:47,970
behind-the-scenes access, sneak peaks, and
other perks, please check out my Patreon page.

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00:18:47,970 --> 00:18:50,680
Thanks for your consideration, and I’ll
see you next time.

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And now, the outtro music.

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♫ suspiciously smooth jazz ♫

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A bonus fact about LightScribe: Because of
that barcode thing, the disc actually has

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a natural orientation.

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This means you can add something to an already
labeled disc simply by burning something onto

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it in the unused area.

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00:19:12,909 --> 00:19:18,690
So, my Awesome Mix 2006 can be amended with
a warning for non-awesome people.

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Also, this allowed you to burn the same label
again, which would make it a little darker,

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00:19:23,450 --> 00:19:28,710
but with repeated burns slight alignment errors
would compound and make the image increasingly

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00:19:28,710 --> 00:19:29,500
blurry.

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00:19:29,500 --> 00:19:34,560
LightScribe was not the first direct-disc
labeling product, nor would it be the last.

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In 2002, Yamaha had developed the disturbingly
named DiscT@2 (pronounced “Disc Tattoo”)

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--uh that’s terrible--

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00:19:42,020 --> 00:19:45,200
which could etch
a sorta-label on the bottom side of a CD or

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00:19:45,210 --> 00:19:48,190
DVD in the unused data portion.

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00:19:48,190 --> 00:19:53,090
Um, lots of problems there, you can’t use
it unless the disc isn’t anywhere near full,

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00:19:53,090 --> 00:19:58,950
the “label” is on the bottom side so not
really a label, and also these weren’t radically

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00:19:58,950 --> 00:20:02,509
easy-to-see because the dye layer isn’t
meant for that.

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00:20:02,509 --> 00:20:06,880
Nevertheless, it was briefly a thing, but
had very little support.

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00:20:06,880 --> 00:20:11,160
NEC would later use Yamaha’s patent on DiscT@2

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00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:13,100
(seriously, that’s an awful name)

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00:20:13,100 --> 00:20:17,440
to create LabelFlash, which was a direct competitor
to LightScribe.

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00:20:17,440 --> 00:20:22,580
This came out in 2006, with the discs having
a bright blue label on top.

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00:20:22,580 --> 00:20:27,740
It fared even worse than LightScribe, probably
because it was a later format with less manufacturer

330
00:20:27,740 --> 00:20:32,730
support, the discs were way more expensive
than LightScribe media (like 2 or 3 times

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more expensive) and it also was limited to
DVDs only.

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And I’ll leave you with something that I
can’t demonstrate unless smell-o-vision

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00:20:39,920 --> 00:20:41,260
takes off.

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00:20:41,260 --> 00:20:44,380
LightScribe media has a very distinctive odor.

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00:20:44,380 --> 00:20:49,560
Crack open a fresh spindle of LightScribe
discs and you’ll be greeted with a not-unpleasant

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00:20:49,570 --> 00:20:53,590
but certainly unnatural mild chemical smell.

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00:20:53,590 --> 00:20:57,500
The best way to describe it is, I think, musty
crayons.

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00:20:58,580 --> 00:21:03,380
Yeah, it’s a little musty but also plasticy
and like hot wax.

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00:21:03,389 --> 00:21:04,889
Musty crayons.

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00:21:04,889 --> 00:21:09,760
I actually kinda like it, but I have a feeling
it’s not exactly healthy.

